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Gym Culture and IPEDs: The pre-history of IPEDs and the golden era of bodybuilding, 1900-1980s
Transforming from a subcultural enterprise that began in greasy, masculine, exclusive basement environments, gym and fitness culture has broadened and developed into…
Anabolicus Maximus? Bodybuilder Disagreements About Insulin
One of the most misunderstood and debated drugs in bodybuilding is insulin. This is because we have no science to act as…
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Excessive Hair Growth in Female Anabolic Steroid Users
The human body is covered in an awful lot of hairs. Many of them, however, are very short, light-colored, and thin, making…
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He-man: ‘I have the power!’ World: ‘We’re not sure you should anymore’
I have heard quite a few bodybuilders say they were inspired by the original He-man of the 1980s. The recent Netflix Masters…
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Measuring Testosterone in Blood Immunoassays
An often requested blood parameter by anabolic steroid users is, not surprisingly, testosterone. However, there appear to be quite some misconceptions about…
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“Oh my, the bigger and more fuller clit is amazing”: Reclaiming the female body through a women-only forum
Introduction Historically, muscles and muscular bodies have been connected to men and masculinity. As a consequence, women´s engagement in muscle building has…
Anabolic Steroid-Induced Growth of the Clitoris (Clitoromegaly)
Anabolic steroids can cause virilization or masculinization in women. That is, they might cause the development of male characteristics. This includes the…
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Thyroid Hormone Effects on Energy Metabolism and Protein Turnover at a Glance
Thyroid hormones are hormones that are secreted by the thyroid. The thyroid is an endocrine gland in the front of your neck…
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